Creating IPv4 Multicast Scopes


Article by Besthowy Modfgyiiy


Multicasting occurs when one particular machine communicates to a network of subscribed computers rather than especially addressing each laptop on the destination network. Its much more efficient to multicast a video or audio stream to multiple destinations than it truly is to unicast it to the same number of clients, and also the increased demand for multicast-friendly network hard- ware has resulted in some head scratching about how to automate the multicast configuration. In the following sections, you will learn about MADCAP, the protocol that controls multicasting, and about how to build and configure a multicast scope.

Understanding the Multicast Address Dynamic Client Allocation Protocol

DHCP is usually used to assign IP configuration details for unicast (or one-to-one) net- function communications. With multicast, theres a separate sort of address space assigned from 224.0.0.0 through 239.255.255.255. Addresses in this space are known as Class D addresses or simply multicast addresses. Clients can participate in a multicast just by know- ing (and using) the multicast address for the content they want to receive. However, multi- cast clients also need to have an ordinary IP address.

How do clients know what address to use? Ordinary DHCP wont help because its designed to assign IP addresses and option specifics to one client at a time. Realizing this, the World-wide-web Engineering Task Force (IETF) defined a new protocol: Multicast Address Dynamic Client Allocation Protocol (MADCAP). MADCAP provides an analog to DHCP but for multicast use. A MADCAP server issues leases for multicast addresses only. MADCAP clients can request a multicast lease when they want to participate in a multicast.

DHCP and MADCAP have some important differences. First, you have to realize that the two are totally separate. A single server can be a DHCP server, a MADCAP server, or both; no implied or actual relation exists in between the two. Likewise, clients can use DHCP and/or MADCAP at the same timethe only requirement is that each and every MADCAP client has to get an unicast IP address from somewhere.

Remember that DHCP can assign options as component with the lease process, but MADCAP cannot. The only thing MADCAP does is dynamically assign multi- cast addresses.

Building Multicast Scopes

Most of the steps you go by means of when creating a multicast scope are identical to those needed for an ordinary unicast scope. Exercise 4.6 highlights the differences.

Right-click IPv4, and choose New Multicast Scope. The New Multicast Scope Wizard appears. Click the Next button on the welcome page.

In the Multicast Scope Name page, name your multicast scope (and add a description if youd like). Click the Next button.

The IP Address Range page appears. Enter a start IP address of 224.0.0.0 and an end IP address of 224.255.0.0 . Adjust the TTL to 1 to make sure that no multicast packets escape your local network segment. Click the Next button when youre done.






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